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Analysis of Causes of Burning of Air Compressor Fan Motor for Drilling

2021-05-17

Petroleum/Chemical General Machinery Shengli Petroleum Administration Yellow River Drilling Company (Dongying, Shandong 259096) Li Haiying Li Kening Qu Jian Suyang accident, from the scene combined with electrical schematics for investigation and analysis, to identify the cause of the accident, to provide a reference for the search of YA conversion start circuit problems, And propose a reasonable solution.

The air compressor function of the well team is very important. The diesel rigs powered by diesel engines are almost all controlled by air control. The air compressor is the air pressure generating device, and the rig cannot be produced without the air compressor. The Shengli Petroleum Administration Yellow River Drilling Company 4 uses the electric air compressor main engine 37kW to start the YA step-down, control the start, stop and protection of the motor through the PLC, and another cooling fan discharges the air compressor to generate heat. The fan is a common three-phase asynchronous motor with a voltage of 380V. The gas volume of the well team varies greatly with the construction process, and the air compressor has irregular intermittent operation and standby.

A drilling electric air compressor burned two cooling fans continuously in just one day. The first one was burned in use. This was the first time the fan motor was damaged in three years. Although the motor temperature was very high, it was then Did not care, thought it was caused by some accidental factors or long motor use time, the insulation level was reduced, and the well team production was urgent, so simply check the power supply voltage, power contactor (KM2), thermal protector (FR2) after normal A spare fan was replaced directly. After the start, the operation sound and the temperature are normal. It is considered that the problem has been solved, but the fan is broken after being used for 3 hours. Similarly, the motor temperature is high and there is a strong smell of insulating paint.

There are several reasons for the general burning of the motor: 1) The motor is damaged due to damage to the motor bearing or the failure of the coupling, causing the motor to burn.

The GM general mechanical output-transmission A air compressor electrical schematic can learn from these accidents: 1) After the problem occurs, there is no careful analysis, no thoughts are taken seriously, and empirical errors are made. The specific reason is not determined in the principle of "four not letting go. If the air compressor does not find the problem and continues to use, the KM1 problem will continue to deteriorate, and it is very likely that the main phase of the mainframe will run and burn, resulting in greater losses.

2) The circuit and control process of the air compressor are not fully understood. The circuit diagram is not carefully observed. At the same time, the details of the contactor and the wiring mode of the motor are not fully grasped. The cause of the analysis of the fault is not comprehensive, and the relevant components are not inspected.

3) It is very useful for other wells to use Y△ conversion circuit overhaul. This type of contactor fault is more common in the well team circuit. For this circuit design, the simple thermal protector of the fan can be replaced with a thermal protector with phase-break protection to effectively avoid such problems.

The oil/chemical general-purpose machine is connected to the cooling fan, causing the fan motor coil to have two-phase power. This voltage of the phase loss makes the motor not operate, but it will be severely heated to burn in a few minutes. During the operation, the fan motor is powered by KM2. The contactor works normally, the motor voltage is not lacking in phase, and the operation is normal. In addition, although the voltage during standby can reach the coil of the host motor, the coil of the main unit is single, the KM3 contactor works normally, the contacts are completely separated, and the loop cannot be formed. Therefore, the main unit is only the coil is charged, and there is no problem of two-phase electric power. So it was not burnt.

When the KM1 contactor is electrically connected, the other pair of main contacts can be normally closed, and the three-phase voltage of the main motor is normal, and there is no problem in operation. Just because the main motor is operating normally, the inspection of the contactor is ignored. The circuit diagram is shown below.

2) Motor phase loss operation: power supply or switch and power contactor contact ablation or line problem causes phase loss operation.

3) Damp or short-term overheating causes the winding insulation of the motor to cause a short circuit or a breakdown of the winding and external breakdown.

After the second fan is burned, it is confirmed that it is not a problem of the motor itself. The power supply or the circuit must have problems, and are eliminated one by one according to the site conditions.

Because the suction and conversion of each contactor is controlled by PLC, the problem of the main circuit operation is independent of the control system. Firstly, the control system factors such as the PLC controller are excluded. It is not overloaded from the phenomenon of burning and on-site. The appearance of the thermal protector is not discolored and damaged. The protection value is set slightly less than the rated current and there is no action. Check that the function is normal. Check that the power supply voltage is 390V, three-phase balance, use the same power supply as other power equipment, and other power equipment is normal. The fan blades are flexible and have no jamming. The comprehensive demolition and burning of the motor and the high temperature of the motor when burning are inferred that the cause of the damage is caused by the lack of phase operation of the motor, but the motor can start normally when the motor starts, and the operation is stable, which is a big doubt for the reason.

It can be seen from the circuit schematic of the air compressor that the main motor has six independent coil taps. The motor starting method has three AC contactors, the coil is controlled by PLC, the protection of the motor and other protection of the compressor. They are also integrated on the PLC, and the starting process is the same as the control process with the time relay and the intermediate relay. Firstly, the PLC controls the KM1 and KM3 coils to be energized, the motor Y-type step-down start, KM3 disconnects KM2 after a fixed time, KM2 and KM3 keeps the motor A-type operation, the cooling fan power supply is at the lower end of the KM2 contactor, after the compressor is started The cooling fan runs at the same time. During the inspection, it was found that during the power-on standby, the fan temperature increased rapidly, and the measuring fan power line actually found that there was a voltage of about 240V between the two phases. The contactor KM2 has checked that the main contact is disconnected and the suction is normal. At this time, the contact is not attracted. The power supply at the upper end of the contactor is not transmitted to the lower end. Where does the power of the fan come from? The circuit found that the voltage was transmitted from the main motor to the lower end of KM2. The only possibility was that the contactor KM1 had a problem. The inspection found that the two main contacts were stuck and finally found the cause of the fan motor burning.

The well team air compressor has a working pressure interval, and the nature of the work is intermittent work with the amount of gas used. Because the two-phase contacts of the KM1 contactor are stuck, the voltage is transmitted through the FR1 and the coil of the main motor during standby.


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